The biggest concern when growing plants is placing them in a dark, sunless spot, and this is especially true for the beloved Phalaenopsis orchid. It is a sun-loving plant but is sensitive to intense direct sunlight, which is similar to how human skin reacts. As April arrives and the days grow longer with rising temperatures, one of the most common issues in caring for Phalaenopsis orchids is "leaf rot," also known as "soft rot" or "water rot." This condition typically occurs due to excessive humidity, insufficient sunlight, and high temperatures during the summer.
Usually, leaf rot appears on the leaves, but if it affects the plant's neck, it’s called stem rot. Although the names are different, the causes are the same. When a plant contracts this disease, its leaves will first turn yellow. If you gently press on them, a mark will be left. In severe cases, the entire leaf may ooze water when squeezed, which indicates that the plant's metabolism is malfunctioning.
Therefore, when caring for orchids, if you notice any signs of leaf rot, do not ignore them. Immediately remove the entire affected leaf. It’s important not to just trim part of it, as this will not prevent other leaves from becoming infected. When removing the leaf, use sterilized scissors. If you don’t have sterilizing solution, you can heat the scissors with fire. The removed leaf should be discarded immediately and not left near the pot.
Leaf rot typically occurs during the summer, and it is not only common in Phalaenopsis orchids but also affects other types like Dendrobium and Cattleya orchids. To prevent it, ensure good ventilation during hot weather. If temperatures reach over 35°C (like during the hottest part of summer), you can use air conditioning to cool down the orchids, though this may not be feasible for everyone, making prevention more difficult. In any case, stay alert and address issues early, as leaf rot spreads very quickly. You might notice it in the morning, and by afternoon, the entire plant could be infected.
If the condition becomes severe, you will need to remove the sphagnum moss and trim the orchid's roots. The specific steps are as follows: First, remove all hollow or rotting roots and cut them off. Then, disinfect the roots with alcohol for about 10 minutes. Afterward, place the roots in a cool, shaded area to dry for a day. Once dry, replace the old sphagnum moss with fresh moss and continue care.
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