TheNaturePlanet

Have you ever felt at a loss when faced with a newly purchased Phalaenopsis orchid? Looking at its delicate roots, if you just casually stuff some soil at the bottom of the pot, you’re likely to face the nightmare of root rot. Many people ask, "What exactly should be placed at the bottom of the Phalaenopsis orchid pot? If I fill it with sphagnum moss or bark, I worry the roots might suffocate, but if I don’t use anything, I’m afraid the water will drain too quickly and the substrate will fall out."

Placing material at the bottom of the Phalaenopsis orchid pot is not unnecessary; it serves two main purposes: First, it creates space at the bottom to ensure excess water drains quickly after watering, preventing root rot caused by stagnant water. Second, it helps secure the lighter materials like sphagnum moss or bark, so they don't slip out through the drainage hole when watered. The material you choose must meet three requirements: "doesn’t absorb water, has good air permeability, and is durable." Avoid using materials that are prone to rotting or that absorb too much water.

Clay pellets (light stones): This is definitely my favorite! These unassuming little clay pellets have well-developed pores. They absorb water but don’t hold onto moisture for too long, securely supporting the roots. Even if the pot is large, you won’t have to worry about the top being too heavy for the base. The only thing to consider is that clay pellets are a bit heavy, so if your Phalaenopsis orchid is placed on a hanging flower rack, you need to ensure the pot’s support can handle the weight.

Foam blocks (fruit box/shipping box foam): A great example of "turning waste into treasure!" Simply break up the clean foam from a fruit box into small pieces (make sure it’s clean!) and use them at the bottom of the pot. They’re incredibly lightweight, have excellent drainage, and are perfect for hanging pots or balconies to reduce weight. However, foam is still foam, and over time, especially with frequent watering, it will naturally break down. The structure of the bottom layer will loosen, so you need to keep an eye on it and replace it when necessary.

Large pieces of bark/charcoal: Phalaenopsis orchids are naturally adapted to environments where they grow on tree bark. Using large pieces of bark or charcoal at the bottom not only promotes drainage but also mimics the native bark environment, making the roots feel more comfortable. However, be sure to thoroughly clean and soak the bark to absorb water before using it, and replace it regularly to prevent decay. Charcoal should be carefully selected to avoid the risk of industrial carbon contamination.

Volcanic rock/red brick fragments: If you prefer a more solid, natural texture, these rocky materials are a great choice. They are structurally stable, breathable, and durable, providing long-lasting support for the roots. However, be cautious when handling them as their sharp edges could damage the delicate roots. The material is also heavier, so be prepared to use more strength when moving the pot.

Regardless of the material you use, don’t place it too thickly. A 1-2 cm layer is enough to cover the drainage hole and support the upper substrate. After placing the bottom layer, add sphagnum moss or fine bark on top. This will ensure proper air circulation and secure the plant. Don’t make the mistake I did before by adding several centimeters of material, thinking it was safer, only to end up blocking the drainage hole and nearly killing the Phalaenopsis orchid.

Though it may seem like a minor detail, the bottom layer material is actually the foundation for ensuring good drainage and air circulation, which is crucial for the healthy root system of Phalaenopsis orchids. There is no single right answer for the material choice, but the key is understanding the essence: water drainage, air permeability, and stability. By carefully selecting and laying the material, you are creating a space where the roots of your Phalaenopsis orchid can breathe freely.