Phalaenopsis orchids are undoubtedly a "shining star" in the world of flowers, making them one of the most popular choices for New Year's plants in many households. However, despite their beauty, they often present tricky issues for new plant lovers during the care process, such as blackening, shrinking, or rotting leaves. These problems not only affect the aesthetic value of the plant but may also threaten its life.
In fact, the reason Phalaenopsis orchid leaves experience so many issues is that they are the first part of the plant to detect pathology. In other words, the leaves act as the "communication" between humans and the orchid. Healthy leaves are shiny and green, with an appropriate number of leaves arranged symmetrically. On the other hand, problems like soft rot, yellowing, and wilting may arise.
To better understand the leaf structure, the leaves primarily consist of a noticeable spongy tissue. This tissue helps regulate the plant’s water balance and, in times of need, can help the plant survive in dry conditions. When placed in a location with indirect light, the leaves also engage in photosynthesis and gas exchange, helping the orchid produce energy and nutrients. However, if placed in direct sunlight, the spongy tissue reflects some of the light, reducing the amount of light that penetrates deep into the leaf and preventing direct damage to the roots.
Regarding leaf pathology, the most troublesome issue is soft rot disease, which is a fungal infection of the leaves. It is typically caused by a high-temperature environment. If you encounter this problem and the infection is limited to a small area, you can remove the affected leaf. However, be sure not to leave any diseased tissue behind; cut it cleanly. After removing the affected part, sprinkle some fungicide powder on the wound. If you don't have fungicide, cinnamon powder or wood ash can also help the wound heal.
After treatment, return the orchid to its original spot, and when watering, avoid getting water on the wound until it has fully healed. If yellowing, drying, or other similar symptoms occur frequently, it's advisable to reflect on the care conditions, such as light, watering, fertilization, and temperature, to identify the issue and take corrective actions to improve the plant’s environment.
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